TATA IPL 2025: What Bowling Can Teach Us About Risk Management Strategies

Cricket, especially the Indian Premier League (IPL), is not just about entertainment—it’s a game of strategy, precision, and risk management. Just like businesses and financial markets employ risk management strategies to mitigate losses and optimise performance, IPL teams rely on their bowling attacks to counter aggressive batting lineups and minimise damage.

In this article, we’ll explore how various risk management principles align with different bowling strategies in the IPL, backed by relevant data and examples.

Diversification vs Balanced Bowling Attack

Diversification in investing spreads risk across different asset classes, ensuring that losses in one area don’t cripple the entire portfolio. Similarly, IPL teams build a well-balanced bowling unit to handle different match situations.

Pace bowlers are deployed at the start of an innings to take quick wickets and put the opposition under pressure. In risk management, this aligns with proactive risk identification and mitigation. Risks include economic downturns, regulatory changes, or market volatility.

Spinners are crucial in the middle overs, where they focus on controlling the game by slowing the run rate and forcing mistakes. This mirrors diversification in risk management, where investors spread their assets across different sectors, industries, or asset classes.

Hedging = Defensive Bowlers in Powerplays and Death Overs

Hedging in finance involves taking offsetting positions to reduce risk. In the IPL, defensive bowlers act as risk mitigators, ensuring that damage is limited during critical overs.

Death-over specialists are responsible for preventing damage in the final overs when batters go all out to maximise scoring. They rely on accurate yorkers, slower deliveries, and smart field placements to restrict the flow of runs.

This is equivalent to stop-loss mechanisms and hedging in finance. A stop-loss order helps traders cap losses by automatically selling an asset when it drops to a predetermined price, just as a bowler executes precise deliveries to limit damage.

Stop-Loss Mechanism = Effective Yorkers and Slower Balls

In cricket, a well-executed yorker lands at the batter’s toes, making it difficult to hit boundaries, while a deceptive slower ball disrupts timing and forces mistakes. Similarly, a stop-loss mechanism in risk management acts as a defensive tool to minimise financial damage.

Investors set predetermined price levels at which assets are automatically sold to prevent deeper losses. Just as bowlers use these variations to control the game in high-pressure situations, traders and businesses use the stop-loss method to limit downside risks and protect their financial positions.

Read More: TATA IPL 2025: The Cricketing Approach to Trading.

Risk-Reward Tradeoff = Attacking Strategies

The risk-reward tradeoff states that taking calculated risks can lead to better outcomes. In IPL, attacking bowlers embrace this principle—they may concede runs but often deliver breakthroughs.

Leg-spinners, for example, take the risk of giving flight to the ball, knowing it increases the chance of dismissing key batters. Similarly, investors who take calculated risks in high-growth sectors achieve returns despite market volatility.

Liquidity Management = Rotating Bowlers Efficiently

Liquidity management ensures that businesses maintain adequate cash flow to meet obligations. In IPL, captains strategically rotate bowlers to optimise performance across different phases of the game.

  • Strike bowlers are used upfront when wickets are needed.
  • Middle-over specialists maintain control and slow the run rate.
  • Death-over experts manage pressure in the final overs.

This structured approach ensures that resources are used efficiently, just as companies manage liquidity to navigate financial challenges.

Read More: Tata IPL 2025: IPL & Investing: How Captains and Portfolio Managers Think Alike?

Conclusion

Whether in IPL or financial markets, risk management is about balance, adaptability, and strategic planning. A strong bowling attack—just like a well-structured investment portfolio—focuses on diversification, defensive measures, calculated risks, and efficient resource allocation.

By applying these principles, both teams and investors can maximise their chances of long-term success.

 

Disclaimer: This blog has been written exclusively for educational purposes. The securities mentioned are only examples and not recommendations. This does not constitute a personal recommendation/investment advice. It does not aim to influence any individual or entity to make investment decisions. Recipients should conduct their own research and assessments to form an independent opinion about investment decisions.

Investments in the securities market are subject to market risks, read all the related documents carefully before investing.

Stocks To Watch Today on April 08, 2025: Titan, BEL, Godrej Properties and More

GIFT Nifty, a key indicator for Indian markets, was up 158 points (0.70%) at 22,645.50 as of 08:25 AM. This suggests a positive market opening amid cautious investor sentiment.

On April 7, 2025, the NSE Nifty closed sharply lower by 3.24%, falling 742.85 points to settle at 22,161.60, while the BSE Sensex declined 2.95%, dropping 2,226.79 points to end at 73,137.90, reflecting broad-based market weakness.

Here are the key stocks to watch today on April 08, 2025:

Titan

Titan reported a 25% year-on-year growth in standalone revenue for Q4. The company’s domestic jewellery segment saw a 24% YoY rise, indicating robust consumer demand in the festive and wedding seasons.

KPI Green

KPI Green has terminated a 66.20 MW hybrid power project order from Sai Bandhan Infinium. The cancellation came due to a change in technical project requirements after the order was placed.

Godrej Properties

Godrej Properties reported a strong Q4 performance with booking value surging 87% quarter-on-quarter and 7% year-on-year to ₹10,163 crore. For FY25, the company clocked a 31% YoY increase in booking value at ₹29,444 crore, selling 3,703 units covering 7.52 million square feet.

Sobha Ltd

Sobha Ltd will be in focus today after releasing its Q4 and FY25 business updates. The Bengaluru-based real estate firm provided key operating highlights for the January to March quarter, drawing investor interest.

Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs)

Fuel-related stocks will be closely watched after a ₹2 per litre hike in the special additional excise duty on fuel. Additionally, the price of LPG cylinders has been increased by ₹50, affecting input cost dynamics.

BEL

BEL has secured a ₹2,210 crore order from the Indian Air Force for an advanced electronic warfare suite, strengthening its defence sector order book.

Brigade Enterprises

Brigade Enterprises has entered into a joint development agreement for a new project in Mysuru, with a gross development value pegged at ₹225 crore.

Conclusion

Despite the sharp decline in the previous session, GIFT Nifty is indicating a positive start for the Indian markets. Key corporate developments across sectors from Titan’s strong Q4 performance to BEL’s defence order and updates from the real estate space are likely to keep investors engaged. These stock-specific cues offer insights into ongoing business strategies and market activity.

 

Disclaimer: This blog has been written exclusively for educational purposes. The securities mentioned are only examples and not recommendations. This does not constitute a personal recommendation/investment advice. It does not aim to influence any individual or entity to make investment decisions. Recipients should conduct their own research and assessments to form an independent opinion about investment decisions.

Investments in the securities market are subject to market risks, read all the related documents carefully before investing.

Sensex Weekly Expiry Today: Hindustan Copper, Manappuram Finance and More under F&O ban on Apr 8

On April 7, 2025, the Sensex closed sharply lower by 2.95%, dropping 2,226.79 points to settle at 73,137.90.

Sensex Weekly Expiry Day Brings 3 Stocks in F&O 

As the Sensex weekly expiry approaches on Tuesday, April 8, 2025, the National Stock Exchange (NSE) has imposed a trading ban on 3 stocks in the futures and options (F&O) segment.

The ban was triggered as these securities breached 95% of the market-wide position limit (MWPL). While trading in F&O for these stocks is restricted, they remain available for trading in the cash market.

The stocks under the F&O ban for April 8 include:

1. Birlasoft Ltd

On April 7, 2025, shares of Birlasoft Ltd declined by 5.29%, closing at ₹347.20. According to data from the BSE, the stock saw a total traded volume of 2.42 lakh shares, resulting in a turnover of ₹8.19 crore.

2. Hindustan Copper

On April 7, 2025, shares of Hindustan Copper Ltd declined by 7.96%, ending the day at ₹187.95. As per BSE data, the stock recorded a total traded volume of 6.85 lakh shares, generating a turnover of ₹12.85 crore.

3. Manappuram Finance

On April 7, 2025, shares of Manappuram Finance Ltd dropped by 3.07%, closing at ₹225.60. Based on data from the BSE, the stock registered a traded volume of 3.12 lakh shares, with a total turnover of ₹7.01 crore.

What is Sensex Weekly Expiry?

The weekly expiry of Sensex options contracts takes place every Tuesday, with the preceding trading day designated as the expiry if Tuesday is a trading holiday.

Contracts are settled at the normal market closing time on the expiry day or later, as determined by the exchange.

If the last Tuesday of the expiry period is a trading holiday, the expiry for individual securities shifts to the previous trading day.

Interestingly, in the MarketWatch display, the expiry date for last week’s contracts is not shown, as these are treated as monthly contracts. Instead, only the month’s name and the strike price are displayed.

Conclusion

The developments around the Sensex’s weekly expiry and the inclusion of three stocks under the F&O ban on April 8, 2025, reflect regulatory mechanisms in action as market activity intensifies.

These occurrences form part of the routine functioning of the derivatives segment and underline the importance of compliance with market-wide position limits.

 

Disclaimer: This blog has been written exclusively for educational purposes. The securities mentioned are only examples and not recommendations. This does not constitute a personal recommendation/investment advice. It does not aim to influence any individual or entity to make investment decisions. Recipients should conduct their own research and assessments to form an independent opinion about investment decisions.

Investments in the securities market are subject to market risks, read all the related documents carefully before investing.

BSE Announces 2:1 Bonus – A Look Back at Its Bonus History

On March 30, 2025, the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) announced a 2:1 bonus issue, which means eligible shareholders will receive two bonus equity shares for every one share they currently hold. This issuance is subject to shareholder approval via postal ballot.

In light of this development, let’s take a closer look at BSE’s history of issuing bonus shares.

BSE’s Bonus History at a Glance

BSE has a brief but notable history of issuing bonus shares since its IPO. The latest announcement came on March 30, 2025, where the company declared a 2:1 bonus issue—granting two bonus shares for every one share held, with the ex-bonus date yet to be announced.

Prior to this, BSE had issued bonus shares on February 8, 2022, with an ex-bonus date of March 21, 2022, also in a 2:1 ratio. 

Meanwhile, BSE has consistently demonstrated its commitment to rewarding shareholders through regular dividend payouts. Over the years, the company has maintained a steady track record of issuing final dividends annually.

Track Record

Since its listing in 2017, BSE has consistently rewarded its shareholders through a mix of dividends and share buybacks:

  • Dividends totalling over ₹170 per share have been paid out over the years.
  • Buybacks were executed twice — once in 2019 and again in 2023.

This consistent shareholder-first approach demonstrates BSE’s focus on distributing its financial gains to investors while also maintaining capital efficiency.

Why Do Companies Issue Bonus Shares?

Bonus shares are issued from a company’s free reserves. While they do not bring in fresh capital, they increase the number of outstanding shares and enhance liquidity. 

From an accounting perspective, they reduce reserves and increase paid-up capital. These shares are distributed at no cost to existing shareholders, hence often referred to as “free shares.” Bonus issues can also make the stock more affordable, attracting a wider base of retail investors.

Read More: Who Is Eligible For BSE’s Bonus Shares?

BSE Share Price Performance

On April 7, 2025, BSE Limited witnessed a sharp decline, falling by 6.66% at 2:55 PM to an intraday low of ₹4,978.35 before recovering slightly to trade around ₹5,150.

The stock had opened at ₹5,000.05, significantly lower than its previous close of ₹5,517.45, indicating a gap-down start. It touched a high of ₹5,250 during the session, but overall sentiment remained weak.

Conclusion

With a history of strong investor-friendly moves since its listing, BSE continues to position itself as a company focused on value distribution. While the bonus issue awaits shareholder approval and the record date is yet to be announced, this development reinforces BSE’s commitment to its shareholders.

Disclaimer: This blog has been written exclusively for educational purposes. The securities mentioned are only examples and not recommendations. This does not constitute a personal recommendation/investment advice. It does not aim to influence any individual or entity to make investment decisions. Recipients should conduct their own research and assessments to form an independent opinion about investment decisions.

 

Investments in the securities market are subject to market risks, read all the related documents carefully before investing.

Hexaware Tech Shares in Focus; Declare ₹5.75 Dividend for FY25, Record Date April 15

Hexaware Technologies Limited has announced its first interim dividend for the financial year 2025. In a board meeting held on April 4, 2025, the company’s Board of Directors approved an interim dividend of ₹5.75 per equity share, each having a face value of ₹1, the company said in a press release on the stock exchanges.

Hexaware Technologies Dividend Details

This amounts to a 575% payout on the face value, underlining the company’s commitment to rewarding its shareholders.

As per the regulatory disclosure, the record date to determine the eligibility of shareholders for receiving the interim dividend has been fixed as April 15, 2025.

Shareholders whose names appear in the Register of Members or in the records of the depositories as of the record date will be entitled to receive the dividend.

Hexaware Technologies Dividend Payout Schedule

Hexaware Technologies declares ₹5.75 interim dividend for FY25; record date set as April 15, 2025. Payout is scheduled for April 23, 2025.

Share Price Performance

As of April 7, 2025, Hexaware Technologies Limited witnessed a sharp decline in its stock price, falling 4.23% or ₹27.75 to an intraday high of ₹627.80 amid a broad market sell-off. The stock opened the day significantly lower at ₹590.50 compared to its previous close of ₹655.55.

Read More: Upcoming Dividends in April 2025: Varun Beverages, RailTel Corp, MSTC & More.

Conclusion

The announcement of a ₹5.75 interim dividend by Hexaware Technologies underscores the company’s continued commitment to delivering shareholder value.

Despite the stock experiencing notable intraday volatility and trading in the red on April 7, 2025, the dividend declaration signals financial stability and disciplined capital allocation.

 

Disclaimer: This blog has been written exclusively for educational purposes. The securities mentioned are only examples and not recommendations. This does not constitute a personal recommendation/investment advice. It does not aim to influence any individual or entity to make investment decisions. Recipients should conduct their own research and assessments to form an independent opinion about investment decisions.

Investments in the securities market are subject to market risks, read all the related documents carefully before investing.

Nifty Smallcap 100 Falls Over 5.7% With All Stocks in the Red on Apr 7

The NIFTY Smallcap 100 index witnessed a steep selloff on April 7, 2025, tumbling 5.73% to 14,898.55 as of 12:41 PM. This sharp decline mirrors the broader market fall triggered by global uncertainties and recession fears.

Today’s slump has dragged the index below its 52-week low, signalling intense bearish sentiment across small-cap counters. With global markets crashing and the India VIX spiking over 65%, panic-driven selling has intensified in smaller and mid-tier stocks.

What’s Weighing on the Index?

Several small-cap stocks are deep in the red:

  1. NALCO: -24.44 pts
  1. UCO Bank: -24.32 pts
  1. Blue Star: -20.58 pts
  1. Central Bank: -18.49 pts

Out of 100 constituents, 99 stocks were actively pulling the index down, highlighting widespread pressure across sectors. The absence of any green shoots underscores the extent of investor caution and the scale of the downturn that gripped the market through the session.

Seasonality Analysis

Historically, April has been a positive month for the Smallcap 100, delivering gains in 10 out of the last 14 years, with an average return of 3.85%. However, given the current macro setup, this April may break tradition unless global sentiment stabilises.

Conclusion

The Nifty Smallcap 100 saw a sharp decline of over 5.7% on April 7, with all 100 constituents ending the day in negative territory. This broad-based selloff, with no positive contributors, reflects the intense pressure across the smallcap segment.

The session underscored the market’s sensitivity to global cues, with volatility and uncertainty driving sentiment throughout the day.

 

Disclaimer: This blog has been written exclusively for educational purposes. The securities mentioned are only examples and not recommendations. This does not constitute a personal recommendation/investment advice. It does not aim to influence any individual or entity to make investment decisions. Recipients should conduct their own research and assessments to form an independent opinion about investment decisions.

Investments in the securities market are subject to market risks, read all the related documents carefully before investing.

Upcoming NFO This Week: Opening From April 7, 2025

New Fund Offer (NFO) is the initial subscription period for a newly launched mutual fund, allowing investors to buy units at the base price before they get listed. One NFO is set to launch today April 7, 2025, offering fresh investment opportunities in the equity category.

However, like any investment, an NFO comes with its own set of risks and rewards. In this article, we’ll explore the upcoming NFO launching this week.

Key Details of the Upcoming NFO Opening This Week

Fund Name Initial Investment (₹) NFO Start Date NFO End Date
Kotak Nifty Top 10 Equal Weight Index Fund 100 April 7, 2025 April 21, 2025

Overview of the Upcoming NFO

  • Kotak Nifty Commodities Index

Kotak Nifty Top 10 Equal Weight Index Fund is an open-ended equity scheme that mirrors the Nifty Top 10 Equal Weight Index.

Unlike traditional index funds that allocate weights based on market capitalisation, this fund gives equal weightage to the top 10 companies in the Nifty 50, ensuring balanced exposure across leading large-cap stocks.

Read More: Upcoming NFOs in April 2025: Key Details.

Conclusion:

New Fund Offers like the Kotak Nifty Top 10 Equal Weight Index Fund present investors with a unique opportunity to enter a fund at its inception, potentially benefiting from long-term growth and cost efficiency.

While NFOs can be appealing, it’s important to evaluate them based on your financial goals, risk appetite, and overall investment strategy. As always, due diligence and careful assessment of the fund’s objective and underlying index are crucial before investing.

Ensure steady returns with systematic withdrawals! Estimate your withdrawals with our SWP Calculator and manage your finances seamlessly.

Disclaimer: This blog has been written exclusively for educational purposes. The securities mentioned are only examples and not recommendations. It is based on several secondary sources on the internet and is subject to changes. This does not constitute a personal recommendation/investment advice. It does not aim to influence any individual or entity to make investment decisions. Recipients should conduct their own research and assessments to form an independent opinion about investment decisions.

Mutual Fund investments are subject to market risks, read all scheme-related documents carefully.

India VIX Surges 59% Amid Global Market Turmoil; Sensex Crashes 3,900 Points

On April 7, 2025, India’s volatility gauge—the India VIX—soared over 59% to 21.94, reflecting one of the sharpest single-day spikes in recent years.

This surge coincided with a deep global selloff that sent Indian equity benchmarks into freefall, triggered by escalating US-China trade tensions and growing fears of a global recession, as per news reports.

Sensex Tanks 3,900 Points; Broader Market Sees Deeper Cuts

The Sensex nosedived over 3,900 points, and the Nifty sank below the 22,000 mark, as panic gripped investors amid a broad-based selloff. 

All 13 major sectoral indices ended in the red. Nifty Metal plunged 8%, IT dropped over 7%, and Realty, Auto, and Oil & Gas sectors saw declines exceeding 5%. 

The pain was even more pronounced in the broader markets, with small-cap stocks tumbling 10% and mid-caps sliding 7.3%.

At 11:10 AM the BSE Sensex was down 2,800.57 points, or 3.72%, trading around 72,564.12. Meanwhile, the Nifty 50 has dropped 899.55 points, or 3.93%, hovering near the 22,004.90 mark.

Several heavyweight stocks slipped to their 52-week lows amid the sharp market selloff on Monday. Notable names hitting fresh lows include Tata Motors, Reliance Industries (RIL), and Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)

Global Jitters Weigh Heavily

Markets across the globe mirrored this sharp downturn. The Nasdaq officially entered a bear market, while commodity prices also saw a steep correction. Brent crude tumbled 6.5%, WTI fell 7.4%, gold dropped 2.4%, and silver slumped 7.3%, signalling widespread concerns about slowing global demand, as per media reports.

Asian indices saw heavy losses too. Japan’s Nikkei fell 7%, South Korea’s Kospi slipped 5%, and China’s blue-chip stocks shed nearly 7%. Hong Kong’s Hang Seng index fared worst, plunging over 10.5%. Meanwhile, U.S. and European futures also traded deep in negative territory.

The selloff was exacerbated by comments from Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell, who warned that the recently announced tariffs by the Trump administration were “larger than expected” and could weigh heavily on both inflation and growth in the US.

Conclusion

The surge in India’s VIX and the deep plunge in benchmark indices reflect the heightened anxiety sweeping global markets. With rising geopolitical tensions, fears of recession, and fresh trade barriers from the US, investors are bracing for prolonged volatility.

 

Disclaimer: This blog has been written exclusively for educational purposes. The securities mentioned are only examples and not recommendations. This does not constitute a personal recommendation/investment advice. It does not aim to influence any individual or entity to make investment decisions. Recipients should conduct their own research and assessments to form an independent opinion about investment decisions.

Investments in the securities market are subject to market risks, read all the related documents carefully before investing.

 

Mazagon Dock Shares Slide 13%; Government Ups Stake Sale via Oversubscription Option

Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (NSE: MAZDOCK) witnessed a sharp decline in its stock price, trading at ₹2,315.80 — down ₹226.40 or 8.91% from its previous close of ₹2,542.20. The stock opened significantly lower at ₹2,221.05 and touched an intraday high of ₹2,373.65 and a low of ₹2,200.

Mazagon Dock OFS Timeline and Structure

The OFS opened on Friday, April 4, for non-retail investors, and continues today (April 7) for retail investors, eligible employees, and non-retail investors with unallotted bids.

According to the filing, 10% of the total offer, i.e., 16.18 lakh shares, have been reserved for the retail category, which are being made available on a T+1 basis.

Initially, the government had indicated the possibility of selling up to 2% more shares (80.67 lakh) via the oversubscription route. Eventually, it chose to go with a 1.18% sale, possibly based on market feedback or investor appetite.

As of the December 2024 quarter, the Union government held an 84.83% stake in Mazagon Dock. The current sale aligns with the broader disinvestment and capital mobilisation strategy of the government, aiming to bring down promoter holdings in PSUs in line with SEBI’s minimum public shareholding norms.

MDL Expands Global Footprint

In a recent milestone, Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd (MDL), a Navratna Defence PSU, marked the keel laying of its first Multi-Purpose Vessel (MPV) for Denmark-based Navi Merchants.

The ceremony, held at MDL’s South Yard on April 2, 2025, follows the project’s production kickoff on September 24, 2024. This development highlights MDL’s ongoing diversification into commercial shipbuilding alongside its core defence manufacturing capabilities.

Conclusion

The government’s decision to raise the size of its stake sale in Mazagon Dock via the oversubscription route reflects strong interest from institutional and retail investors. While the stock has taken a near-term hit, the move helps improve liquidity and aligns with regulatory requirements.

 

Disclaimer: This blog has been written exclusively for educational purposes. The securities mentioned are only examples and not recommendations. This does not constitute a personal recommendation/investment advice. It does not aim to influence any individual or entity to make investment decisions. Recipients should conduct their own research and assessments to form an independent opinion about investment decisions.

Investments in the securities market are subject to market risks, read all the related documents carefully before investing.

Brightcom Group Financial Results Soon; Investors Await Q4 FY25 Performance

Brightcom Group Limited, a key player in the digital advertising and media technology space, has informed stock exchanges that it will soon declare its audited financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended March 31, 2025, as per the company’s stock exchange filings.

Regulatory Compliance in Place Ahead of Results

In accordance with the SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 2015, and the company’s internal code of conduct, Brightcom Group has announced the closure of its trading window from April 5, 2025.

This restriction applies to all designated persons—including Promoters, Directors, Key Managerial Personnel, employees, connected persons, and their immediate relatives. The trading window will remain closed until 48 hours after the declaration of the company’s audited financial results for the fourth quarter and full financial year ending March 31, 2025.

The upcoming Q4 FY25 results are expected to highlight key financial metrics such as:

  • Revenue and profit trends across Brightcom’s global digital operations.
  • Update on growth in its digital ad inventory and media tech platforms.
  • Year-over-year performance comparison reflecting FY25 momentum.

Inside Brightcom’s Trading Ban

Brightcom Group Ltd, has been under a prolonged trading suspension since June 2023. The company, headquartered in Hyderabad, was suspended by the National Stock Exchange (NSE) due to non-compliance with the NSE Master Circular, particularly concerning disclosure norms and listing obligations.

Despite earlier timelines suggesting a possible revocation by December 14, 2023, and later January 2024, the suspension has extended into 2025 with no definitive date for resumption.

The latest update as of March 23, 2025, confirms that NSE has completed its site visit, but clarity is still awaited from the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE).

Read More: Brightcom Group and Shareholders Challenge BSE Trade Suspension Delay.

Conclusion

As Brightcom Group gears up to release its Q4 FY25 results, all eyes remain on the company’s financial health and regulatory progress. While the prolonged trading suspension has dampened investor sentiment, the upcoming earnings report may offer much-needed clarity on the company’s operational performance and future outlook.

 

Disclaimer: This blog has been written exclusively for educational purposes. The securities mentioned are only examples and not recommendations. This does not constitute a personal recommendation/investment advice. It does not aim to influence any individual or entity to make investment decisions. Recipients should conduct their own research and assessments to form an independent opinion about investment decisions.

Investments in the securities market are subject to market risks, read all the related documents carefully before investing.