Battery Pack Aadhaar Explained: How India Plans to Track EV Batteries

India is taking a major step towards improving safety, traceability, and sustainability in the electric vehicle (EV) ecosystem. The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH) has proposed a Battery Pack Aadhaar System, a unique digital identity that every EV battery will be required to carry.

The proposed system introduces a 21-character Battery Pack Aadhaar Number (BPAN) for each battery pack sold or used in India. The aim is to create a strong digital backbone that tracks batteries throughout their entire life cycle.

What Is the Battery Pack Aadhaar System?

Under the draft guidelines, battery producers and importers will be responsible for assigning a unique BPAN to every battery they place in the market or use internally. This number must be displayed in a clearly visible and accessible location on the battery pack and should be positioned in a way that prevents damage or deterioration.

The Battery Pack Aadhaar will also be maintained as an electronic record, allowing authorities and stakeholders to track batteries digitally.

Which Batteries Will Be Covered?

The proposed system will apply to batteries already governed under the Battery Waste Management Rules, 2022. These include:

• Electric vehicle batteries for L category vehicles
• Electric vehicle batteries for M and N category vehicles
• Industrial batteries with a capacity of more than 2kWh

This ensures that both mobility-related and large-capacity batteries are covered under a single traceability framework.

What Information Will the Battery Pack Aadhaar Contain?

Each Battery Pack Aadhaar will store detailed technical and environmental data, including:

• Battery Manufacturer Identifier
• Battery Descriptor and Identifier details
• Battery material composition
• Battery carbon footprint
• Dynamic data related to battery performance and usage

This information will help track the battery from raw material sourcing and manufacturing to use, recycling, and final disposal.

Why the System Matters

The Battery Pack Aadhaar System aims to bring greater transparency and accountability to India’s battery ecosystem. By enabling end-to-end tracking, it can improve recycling efficiency, prevent improper disposal, and support a circular economy. It will also act as a shared resource for manufacturers, recyclers, and regulators who need access to verified battery data.

What Happens Next?

MoRTH is awaiting a committee report on the detailed implementation of the system. The ministry has also recommended rolling out the framework through the Automotive Industry Standard (AIS) process, ensuring stakeholder consultation, technical validation, and alignment with existing automotive regulations.

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Conclusion

The proposed Battery Pack Aadhaar System marks a significant move towards building a safer, more transparent, and sustainable EV ecosystem in India. If implemented effectively, it could play a key role in improving battery traceability, strengthening recycling systems, and supporting India’s long-term clean mobility goals.

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