In 2025, the Indian government pushed ahead with several high-impact reforms, ranging from new labour laws to digital regulation. However, not all policy promises translated into on-ground execution. A few key reforms were delayed, diluted, or remained stuck in consultation.
These policy “misses” matter for citizens, businesses, and investors alike, as they affect liquidity, compliance costs, competition, and growth visibility. Here is a closer look at the major policy initiatives that fell short of their original 2025 timelines.
One of the most anticipated reforms in 2025 was the launch of EPFO 3.0, which aimed to modernise provident fund access.
The plan was to allow EPF subscribers to withdraw up to ₹1 lakh or 50% of their balance instantly using ATMs and UPI, reducing dependence on manual claims. The rollout was expected by May–June 2025.
However, as of December 2025, the feature is still not live. While approvals from NPCI are in place and IT upgrades are underway, the full rollout has been pushed to March 2026. This delay meant millions of workers continued to face long settlement timelines, defeating the purpose of instant access.
2025 was expected to be the year when India’s four new Labour Codes replaced decades-old labour laws across the country.
Although the central government notified an effective date of November 21, 2025, the transition has not been smooth. Several states are yet to notify their rules, creating confusion for employers and workers. In many regions, old labour laws are still being followed.
Additionally, resistance from trade unions remains strong, with calls for nationwide protests in early 2026. This lack of consensus marked a missed opportunity for a clean, uniform labour reform rollout.
The Digital Competition Bill (DCB) was expected to be a landmark reform aimed at curbing anti-competitive practices by large technology platforms.
Instead of moving to Parliament in 2025, the bill remained stuck in consultation. The government chose to conduct further market studies after concerns that the draft was too restrictive and could hurt innovation.
As a result, India missed its 2025 window to introduce ex-ante digital competition rules, leaving regulatory uncertainty for global tech firms and domestic startups.
Several socio-economic targets linked to earlier “Vision 2025” goals also fell short.
Under the SWAMIH Fund, the government aimed to complete around 50,000 stressed housing units. While construction progressed, many projects remain incomplete due to cost inflation and execution challenges.
In rural employment, MGNREGA allocations remained unchanged in the 2025 Budget despite rising demand. This was seen as a missed policy lever to address rural distress and employment concerns during a year of uneven growth.
Read more: ABFRL, Tejas Networks, Ola Electric, and Others: Who Were the Top Losers on Nifty 500 in 2025?
While 2025 saw important policy intent from the Indian government, execution gaps stood out. Delays in EPFO reforms, partial labour code implementation, stalled digital regulation, and unmet social infrastructure targets highlighted the challenge of turning announcements into action.
For investors and businesses, these misses added uncertainty around timelines, compliance, and growth drivers. As India moves into 2026, the focus will be on whether these delayed reforms finally translate into measurable outcomes on the ground.
Disclaimer: This blog has been written exclusively for educational purposes. The securities mentioned are only examples and not recommendations. This does not constitute a personal recommendation/investment advice. It does not aim to influence any individual or entity to make investment decisions. Recipients should conduct their own research and assessments to form an independent opinion about investment decisions.
Investments in the securities market are subject to market risks. Read all the related documents carefully before investing.
Published on: Dec 26, 2025, 2:21 PM IST
We're Live on WhatsApp! Join our channel for market insights & updates
Get the link to download the App
