India Urges WTO To Restore Dispute Settlement Mechanism At MC-14

India has called for the restoration of the dispute settlement mechanism at the World Trade Organisation, highlighting concerns over its prolonged dysfunction. The issue was raised at the 14th WTO Ministerial Conference in Cameroon amid growing concerns over global trade governance.

The dispute settlement system, once central to enforcing trade rules, has remained inactive at the appellate level since 2019. India emphasised that this gap has weakened the ability of member nations to resolve trade disputes effectively.

Background of the WTO Dispute Settlement System

The WTO dispute settlement mechanism is designed as a two-tier system to resolve trade disputes between member countries. It includes a panel stage followed by an appellate review, ensuring a structured and rules-based resolution process.

However, since 2019, the appellate body has been non-functional due to the lack of appointments to its bench. This has effectively stalled the enforcement of rulings, reducing the system’s effectiveness in addressing trade grievances.

India’s Concerns Over Current Dysfunction

India has highlighted that the absence of a functional dispute resolution system limits the ability of countries to challenge trade barriers. Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal noted that member nations currently lack effective multilateral avenues for redressal.

He stressed that this situation undermines trust in the global trading framework. The minister also pointed out that restoring the system is essential for maintaining fairness and credibility in international trade.

Reform Priorities and Institutional Principles

India emphasised that WTO reforms should follow a transparent, inclusive, and member-driven approach. The country underlined the importance of upholding principles such as non-discrimination, consensus-based decision making, and equity.

It also highlighted the need for Special and Differential Treatment (S&DT) provisions to be precise and operational. Additionally, India called for prioritising the implementation of existing mandates within the WTO framework.

Broader Trade Agenda and Global South Priorities

India reiterated key demands of developing nations, including a permanent solution on public stockholding for food security. It also advocated for a Special Safeguard Mechanism and progress on cotton-related issues.

Furthermore, India supported a comprehensive Fisheries Subsidies Agreement that balances sustainability with the livelihoods of small-scale fishers. The country also stressed that emerging technologies should contribute to equitable development across all member states.

Read More: India Urges WTO To Reconsider E-Commerce Duty Moratorium At MC-14.

Conclusion

India’s intervention at WTO MC-14 reflects growing concerns about the effectiveness of the global trade dispute resolution system. The country has called for urgent restoration of the mechanism to ensure rule-based trade enforcement.

It has also highlighted the importance of inclusive reforms and development-focused policies within the WTO. The discussions indicate that dispute settlement reform remains a central issue in ongoing multilateral trade negotiations.

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