Union Budget 2026: Traditions, Timings and Interesting Facts You Should Know

The Union Budget 2026–27 will be presented on Sunday, 1 February 2026, by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman. This will mark her 9th Budget presentation, making it a significant moment in India’s economic and political calendar. While the Budget outlines the government’s financial plans for the coming year, it also carries a rich history filled with unique traditions and changes over time.

From London Time to Indian Convenience

In the past, the Union Budget was presented at 5 pm on the last working day of February. This timing was chosen to match the working hours of British officials in London during colonial rule.

In 1999, this practice changed when the Budget was shifted to 11 am, making it easier for Indian policymakers and markets to respond on the same day. Later, in 2017, the presentation date was moved to 1 February, allowing sufficient time to implement policies before the new financial year begins on 1 April.

From Briefcase to Bahi Khata

For over seven decades, the Budget documents were carried in a red briefcase, following a British tradition. This changed in 2019, when the Finance Minister introduced the bahi khata, a traditional Indian ledger used by accountants.

In 2021, the Budget became paperless due to the pandemic. However, the digital tablet carrying the Budget was still enclosed in a bahi khata-style folder, symbolising a blend of tradition and modern governance.

Longest and Shortest Budget Speeches

Budget speeches have varied greatly in length over the years. The longest Budget speech by duration was delivered in 2020, lasting 2 hours and 42 minutes. The longest speech by word count dates back to 1991, with over 18,000 words.

On the other end of the spectrum, the shortest Budget speech was delivered in 1977, consisting of just 800 words.

The Halwa Ceremony and Lock-In Period

Before the Budget is presented, a halwa ceremony is held at North Block in New Delhi. The Finance Minister prepares and serves the traditional sweet to officials involved in Budget preparation.

This ceremony also marks the start of the lock-in period, during which officials remain isolated from outside contact to maintain confidentiality until the Budget is presented in Parliament.

The Mysterious Blue Sheet

One of the most secretive elements of the Budget process is the blue sheet. This document contains a summary of all key calculations and figures. It is so confidential that it never leaves North Block and plays a crucial role in finalising the Budget.

Read more: Union Budget 2026: Who Are the Key Officials Working Behind the Scenes?

Conclusion

As the Union Budget 2026–27 approaches, it is not just the numbers that draw attention but also the deep-rooted traditions behind the process. These practices reflect how India has blended history, transparency and modern governance over the years.

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